Professor David MacFarlane, BaBar Collaboration, SLAC, Stanford University explains that the origin of the large asymmetry in matter versus antimatter in the present day universe remains one of the fundamental questions facing cosmology and particle physics. The discovery of large matter-antimatter oscillations in neutral B mesons in the late 1980s motivated a new round of major experiments at the SLAC and KEK B Factories. These facilities are designated to explore matter-antimatter asymmetries due to violation of CP symmetry in neutral B meson decays, as well as a wide spectrum of rare decays that are particularly sensitive to new physics at high mass scales. Within the Stancard Model, CP violation in the neutral B meson system is expected to be large and predictable, thereby providing a rich laboratory for exploring our understanding of this fundamental symmetry. While the B Factories have now demonstrated remarkable agreement between the Standard Model predictions and observed levels of CP violation, there are also intriguing hings of possible New Physics in rare decays as well.;(Cont.) This talk explores CP violation measurements at the B Factories, attempts to answer the fundamental cosmological question of the origin of matter-antimatter asymmetry in the universe, and where this promising avenue of exploration may be headed in the coming years.